Kuyilo lwenkqubo yesikhululo samandla e-photovoltaic, umlinganiselo womthamo ofakwe kwiimodyuli ze-photovoltaic kumthamo olinganisiweyo we-inverter yi-DC / AC Power Ratio,
Kwi-"Photovoltaic Power Generation System Efficiency Standard" ekhutshwe kwi-2012, umlinganiselo womthamo wenzelwe ngokwe-1: 1, kodwa ngenxa yempembelelo yeemeko zokukhanya kunye nokushisa, iimodyuli ze-photovoltaic azikwazi ukufikelela amandla okusigama amaxesha amaninzi, kunye ne-inverter ngokwesiseko Zonke zisebenza ngaphantsi komthamo opheleleyo, kwaye ixesha elininzi likwinqanaba lokuchitha umthamo.
Kumgangatho okhutshwe ekupheleni kuka-Okthobha ngo-2020, umlinganiselo womthamo wezityalo zamandla e-photovoltaic ukhululwe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye umlinganiselo ophezulu wamacandelo kunye ne-inverters ufikelele kwi-1.8: 1. Umgangatho omtsha uya kwandisa kakhulu imfuno yasekhaya yamacandelo kunye nee-inverters. Inokunciphisa iindleko zombane kwaye ikhawuleze ukufika kwexesha le-photovoltaic parity.
Eli phepha liza kuthatha inkqubo ye-photovoltaic esasazwayo e-Shandong njengomzekelo, kwaye ihlalutye kwimbono yamandla okwenene okuveliswa kweemodyuli ze-photovoltaic, umlinganiselo welahleko obangelwa ukubonelela ngokugqithisileyo, kunye noqoqosho.
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Umkhwa wokubonelela ngokugqithisileyo kweepaneli zelanga
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Okwangoku, i-avareji yokubonelela ngokugqithisileyo kwezityalo zamandla e-photovoltaic emhlabeni iphakathi kwe-120% kunye ne-140%. Isizathu esona sizathu sokubonelela ngokugqithisileyo kukuba iimodyuli ze-PV azikwazi ukufikelela kumandla aphakamileyo aphezulu ngexesha lokusebenza kwangempela. Izinto ezinempembelelo ziquka:
1).Ukungonelanga kwemitha yemitha (ebusika)
2) .Ubushushu be-Ambient
3) .Ubumdaka kunye noThuli Ukuvala
4) Ukuqhelaniswa nemodyuli yelanga ayilunganga imini yonke (izibiyeli zokulandela umkhondo zincinci kwinto)
5) Ukunciphisa imodyuli yelanga: 3% kunyaka wokuqala, 0.7% ngonyaka emva koko.
6) .Ukuthelekisa ilahleko ngaphakathi naphakathi kweentambo zeemodyuli zelanga
Iigophe zemihla ngemihla zokuvelisa amandla anemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo yokubonelelwa ngokugqithisileyo
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-over-provisioning ratio ye-photovoltaic systems ibonise ukunyuka okunyukayo.
Ukongeza kwizizathu zokulahleka kwenkqubo, ukuhla okuthe kratya kwamaxabiso amacandelo kwiminyaka yakutshanje kunye nokuphuculwa kobuchwephesha be-inverter kuye kwakhokelela ekwandeni kwenani leentambo ezinokudityaniswa, okwenza ukubonelela ngokugqithisileyo kuqoqosho ngakumbi nangakumbi. , ukubonelela ngokugqithisileyo kwamacandelo kunokunciphisa iindleko zombane, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe izinga langaphakathi lokubuyiswa kweprojekthi, ngoko ke amandla okulwa nomngcipheko wotyalo-mali lweprojekthi ayanda.
Ukongezelela, iimodyuli eziphezulu ze-photovoltaic ziye zaba yindlela ephambili ekuphuhliseni imboni ye-photovoltaic kweli nqanaba, eliye landisa ngakumbi ithuba lokubonelela ngokugqithisileyo kwamacandelo kunye nokwandiswa kwekhaya le-photovoltaic efakwe amandla.
Ngokusekelwe kule miba ingentla, ukubonelela ngokugqithisileyo kuye kwaba yindlela yoyilo lweprojekthi ye-photovoltaic.
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Ukuveliswa kwamandla kunye nohlalutyo lweendleko
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Ukuthatha i-6kW yasekhaya ye-photovoltaic power station etyalwe ngumnini njengomzekelo, iimodyuli ze-LONGi 540W, ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiimarike ezisasazwayo, zikhethiwe. Kuqikelelwa ukuba umyinge wama-20 kWh ombane unokuveliswa ngosuku, kwaye umthamo wonyaka wokuvelisa umbane umalunga nama-7,300 kWh.
Ngokweeparamitha zombane zamacandelo, ukusebenza okwangoku kwendawo ephezulu yokusebenza ngu-13A. Khetha inverter eqhelekileyo GoodWe GW6000-DNS-30 kwimarike. Igalelo eliphezulu langoku le inverter yi-16A, engakwazi ukulungelelanisa kwimarike yangoku. amacandelo aphezulu angoku. Ukuthatha i-avareji ye-30 yexabiso le-radiation yonyaka yezibonelelo zokukhanya kwisiXeko saseYantai, kwiPhondo laseShandong njengereferensi, iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezinomlinganiselo ogqithisiweyo ogqithisiweyo zahlalutywa.
2.1 ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukubonelela ngokugqithisileyo kwandisa ukuveliswa kwamandla, kodwa kwelinye icala, ngenxa yokwanda kwenani leemodyuli zelanga kwicala le-DC, ukulahleka okuhambelanayo kweemodyuli zelanga kumtya welanga kunye nokulahlekelwa kwe-modyuli yelanga. Ukwandiswa komgca we-DC, ngoko kukho umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo womthamo, ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo. Emva kokulinganisa kwe-PVsyst, ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo phantsi komlinganiselo ohlukeneyo womthamo we-6kVA inkqubo inokufumaneka. Njengoko kuboniswe kwitheyibhile engezantsi, xa umlinganiselo wamandla malunga ne-1.1, ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo kufikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu, oku kuthetha ukuba izinga lokusetyenziswa kwamacandelo liphezulu kakhulu ngeli xesha.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla ngonyaka kunye nemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo yamandla
2.2 Ukuveliswa kwamandla kunye nengeniso
Ngokuhambelana nokusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo phantsi komlinganiselo ohlukeneyo wokubonelela ngokugqithisileyo kunye nezinga lokubola kwethiyori yeemodyuli kwiminyaka engama-20, ukuveliswa kwamandla onyaka phantsi komlinganiselo ohlukeneyo wokubonelela amandla kunokufumaneka. Ngokwexabiso lombane okwigridi ye-0.395 yuan/kWh (ixabiso lombane elimiselweyo lamalahle e-desulfurized e-Shandong), ingeniso yokuthengiswa kombane yonyaka ibalwa. Iziphumo zokubala zibonisiwe kwitheyibhile engentla.
2.3 Uhlalutyo lweendleko
Iindleko yile nto abasebenzisi beeprojekthi ze-photovoltaic zasekhaya baxhalabele ngakumbi.Phakathi kwabo, iimodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-inverters zixhobo eziphambili zezixhobo, kunye nezinye izinto ezincedisayo ezifana nezibiki ze-photovoltaic, izixhobo zokukhusela kunye neentambo, kunye neendleko ezinxulumene nokufakwa kweprojekthi. ukwakhiwa.Ukongezelela, abasebenzisi nabo kufuneka baqwalasele iindleko zokugcina izityalo zamandla e-photovoltaic. I-avareji yeendleko zokulungisa ibalelwa malunga ne-1% ukuya kwi-3% yeendleko zotyalo-mali zizonke. Kwixabiso elipheleleyo, iimodyuli ze-photovoltaic akhawunti malunga ne-50% ukuya kwi-60%. Ngokusekwe kwinkcitho yexabiso elingentla, ixabiso leyunithi yexabiso leyunithi yendlu yefotovoltaic liqikelelwa njengoko kubonisiwe kolu luhlu lulandelayo:
Iindleko eziqikelelweyo zeeNkqubo zePV zokuhlala
Ngenxa yomlinganiselo owahlukileyo wokubonelela ngokugqithisileyo, iindleko zenkqubo ziyakwahluka, kuquka amacandelo, izibiyeli, iintambo zeDC, kunye neentlawulo zofakelo. Ngokwale theyibhile ingentla, ixabiso lemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo yokubonelelwa ngokugqithisileyo ingabalwa, njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo ongezantsi.
IiNdleko zeNkqubo, iiNzuzo kunye nokuSebenza phantsi kweeRatios ezahlukeneyo zokuBonelela
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Uhlalutyo lwenzuzo eyongezelelweyo
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Kunokubonwa kolu hlalutyo lungentla ukuba nangona ukuveliswa kwamandla ngonyaka kunye nengeniso iya kunyuka ngokunyuka komlinganiselo wokubonelela ngokugqithisileyo, iindleko zotyalo-mali nazo ziya kunyuka. Ukongezelela, le theyibhile ingentla ibonisa ukuba ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo kumaxesha e-1.1 ngaphezulu Okugqwesileyo xa kudityaniswa.Ngoko ke, ukusuka kumbono wezobugcisa, i-1.1x i-overweight ilungile.
Nangona kunjalo, kumbono wabatyalo-mali, akwanele ukuqwalasela ukuyila kweenkqubo ze-photovoltaic kwi-technical perspective. Kukwayimfuneko ukuhlalutya ifuthe lokwabiwa ngokugqithisileyo kwingeniso yotyalo-mali ngokwembono yezoqoqosho.
Ngokweendleko zotyalo-mali kunye nengeniso yokuveliswa kwamandla phantsi komlinganiselo ongentla womthamo owahlukileyo, ixabiso le-kWh lenkqubo yeminyaka engama-20 kunye nesantya sangaphakathi sembuyekezo saphambi kwerhafu singabalwa.
I-LCOE kunye ne-IRR phantsi komlinganiselo ohlukeneyo wokubonelela ngokugqithisileyo
Njengoko kunokubonwa kulo mzobo ungasentla, xa umlinganiselo wolwabiwo lwesikhundla umncinci, ukuveliswa kwamandla kunye nengeniso yenkqubo yonyuka ngokunyuka komlinganiselo wolwabiwo lwezakhono, kwaye ingeniso eyandisiweyo ngeli xesha inokuhlawulela iindleko ezongezelelweyo ngenxa yokudlula. Ulwabiwo.Xa umlinganiselo wesikhundla umkhulu kakhulu, isantya sangaphakathi sokubuyiswa kwenkqubo siyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokunyuka ngokuthe ngcembe kumda wamandla wenxalenye eyongeziweyo kunye nokunyuka kwelahleko yomgca. Xa umthamo wamandla u-1.5, izinga langaphakathi le-IRR yembuyekezo yotyalo-mali lwenkqubo yeyona inkulu. Ngoko ke, ngokwembono yezoqoqosho, i-1.5: i-1 iyona nto iphezulu yomthamo kule nkqubo.
Ngokusebenzisa indlela efanayo nalapha ngasentla, umlinganiselo womthamo ogqibeleleyo wenkqubo phantsi kwezakhono ezahlukeneyo ubalwa ngokwembono yoqoqosho, kwaye iziphumo zezi zilandelayo:
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Epilogue
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Ngokusebenzisa idatha yemithombo yelanga ye-Shandong, phantsi kweemeko zemilinganiselo yamandla ahlukeneyo, amandla emveliso yemodyuli ye-photovoltaic efikelela kwi-inverter emva kokulahleka ibalwa. Xa umyinge womthamo we-1.1, ukulahlekelwa kwenkqubo kukuncinci, kwaye inqanaba lokusetyenziswa kwecandelo liphezulu kakhulu ngeli xesha.Nangona kunjalo, ukusuka kumbono wezoqoqosho, xa umthamo we-1.5, ingeniso yeeprojekthi ze-photovoltaic ziphezulu kakhulu. . Xa uyila inkqubo ye-photovoltaic, kungekhona kuphela izinga lokusetyenziswa kwamacandelo phantsi kwezinto zobugcisa kufuneka ziqwalaselwe, kodwa kwakhona uqoqosho luyintsilelo yoyilo lweprojekthi.Kubalwa koqoqosho, i-8kW system 1.3 yeyona inezoqoqosho xa ibonelelwe ngokugqithisileyo, i-10kW system 1.2 yeyona inezoqoqosho xa ibonelelwe ngokugqithisileyo, kwaye i-15kW system 1.2 yeyona inoqoqosho xa ibonelelwe ngokugqithisileyo. .
Xa indlela efanayo isetyenziselwa ukubalwa koqoqosho lobungakanani bomthamo kwishishini kunye norhwebo, ngenxa yokuncipha kweendleko nge-watt nganye yenkqubo, umlinganiselo wezoqoqosho ofanelekileyo uya kuba phezulu. Ukongezelela, ngenxa yezizathu zemarike, iindleko zeenkqubo ze-photovoltaic nazo ziya kuhluka kakhulu, eziya kuchaphazela kakhulu ukubalwa komlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wamandla. Esi sesona sizathu sisisiseko sokuba kutheni amazwe ahlukeneyo akhuphe izithintelo kubungakanani bomthamo woyilo lweenkqubo ze-photovoltaic.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-28-2022